That's an early form of exercise equipment!
Not only will you have a clean floor, BOTH of your arms will get the workout of a lifetime! On the other hand, that could also be considered a primitive torture device, I suppose it all depended on who you asked!!! LOL! Honestly, I've never seen anything like it, the machine appears to be a pump or bellows driven device that is powered by one hand, and pushed around on some type of dolly device with the other while the nozzle is close to the ground. Alex Tabor (Caligula) is our resident expert on the early non-electric vacuums, perhaps he can shed some light on this machine!